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| '''Cash''' usually refers to [[money]] in the form of [[currency]], such as [[banknote]]s and [[coin]]s. | | '''Cash''' usually refers to [[money]] in the form of [[currency]], such as [[banknote]]s and [[coin]]s. |
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| In [[bookkeeping]] and [[finance]], "cash" refers to current assets comprised of currency or currency equivalents that can be accessed immediately or near-immediately (as in the case of money market accounts).
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| ==Etymology==
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| The English word ''cash'' is of the French ''[[:wiktionary:caisse|caisse]],'' itself a borrowing of the [[Provençal]] ''caissa.'' That Provençal word is a derivative of the [[Latin]] ''[[:wiktionary:capsa|capsa]]'' (box, chest), most likely by way of an unattested [[Vulgar Latin]] form ''*capsea;'' [[Spanish language|Spanish]] ''[[:wiktionary:caja|caja]]'' and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] ''[[:wiktionary:caixa|caixa]]'' are their respective languages' reflexes.<ref name="oed1">{{cite encyclopedia
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| |title=Cash, ''n.''<sup>1</sup>
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| |encyclopedia=[[OED]] Online
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| }}</ref>
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| <ref name="bloch_wartburg">{{cite encyclopedia
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| |title=Caisse
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| |last=Bloch, Oscar, and Walther von Warthburg (Dirs.)
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| |encyclopedia=Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue française
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| |location=Paris
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| |publisher=Presses universitaires de France
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| |edition=1er édition «Quadrige»
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| |year=2002
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| }}</ref>
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| From the original sense of a box or a chest, the word came to refer to a sum of money such as was or might be contained in one, and eventually to [[money|specie]] or, with the elimination of metallic standards, [[banknote]]s.<ref name="oed1" /> In this sense, it is used in contrast to credit or other financial instruments.
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| ==Historical usage in Asia==
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| {{Mergeto|Cash (currency)|date=March 2008}}
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| {{main|Cash (currency)}}
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| The word was formerly used also to refer to certain low-value coins used in [[South Asia|South]] and [[East Asia]]. This sense derives from the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] ''kāsu,'' a [[South India]]n monetary unit which can be traced back to [[Sanskrit]] ''karsa'', a weight of gold or silver but akin to [[Old Persian]] ''karsha''-, a weight. a unit of value equivalent to one cash coin. The early European representations of this Telugu word, including Portuguese ''caxa'' and English ''cass,'' merged the existing words ''caixa'' and ''cash,'' which had similar connections with money. In the pre-[[1818]] South Indian monetary system, the cash was the basic coin, with 80 cash equalling a ''fanam'' and 42 fanams equalling a ''star pagoda'' worth roughly 7[[shilling|''s.'']] 8[[penny|''d.'']]<ref name="oed2">{{cite encyclopedia
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| |title=Cash, ''n.''<sup>2</sup>
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| |encyclopedia=[[OED]] Online}}</ref>
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| This assimilated Telugu word was then applied to various other coins with which European traders came into contact, including the famous holed cash coins of [[China]], the [[Cash (Chinese coin)|Chinese cash]]. These coins were commonly strung on cords for use in larger transactions; 1000 equalled a [[tael]].<ref name="oed2" />
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| ==Notes==
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| <references />
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| ==See also==
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| {{wiktionary}}
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| *[[Cash register]]
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| *[[Cash and cash equivalents]]
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| *[[Cash flow]]
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| *[[Cash counter]]
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| *[[Cash management]]
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| *[[Petty cash]]
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| *[[Chinese cash]]
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| *[[Johnny Cash]]
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| *[[List of English words of Persian origin]]
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| [[Category:Money]] | | [[Category:Money]] |
| [[Category:Tamil words and phrases]]
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| {{wikipedia}}
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